Saturday, April 20, 2013

Will race disappear once we ID our genetic formula?

Turns out that the Boston bombers were of Chechen origin.   The younger brother, the one who is alive, was a naturalized citizen as well.  The Islamophobes who now will consider any Muslim with ultra-suspicion might be shocked to know that the brothers are Caucasians.

We are a strange people ready to classify fellow humans into various categories simply based on how we look.  White and brown and black and yellow and red.  Whites aren't really white, and there was never any "red" Indian either.  It is all in our imaginations.  Here on the web, nobody knows what color your skin is, and everybody is just a dog.

Source
Even the government systematically collects information on our "race."  I have almost always picked "other" or "white" when responding to those questions.  "Other" because I am usually pissed at the data collection, and "white" because I want to make a point that I, too, am a Caucasian if that is how they define a white.

However, I had no idea, until reading this essay by Amitai Etzioni, that whenever I chose "other" the Census folks were imputing a race for me anyway:
[Never] underestimate our government. The Census Bureau has used a statistical procedure to assign racial categories to those millions of us who sought to butt out of this divisive classification scheme. Federal regulations outlined by the Office of Management and Budget, a White House agency, ruled that the Census must “impute” a specific race to those who do not choose one. For several key public policy purposes, a good deal of social and economic data must be aggregated into five racial groups: white, black, Asian, American Indian or Alaska Native, and native Hawaiian or other Pacific Islander. How does the government pick a race for a person who checked the “Other” box? They turn to the answers for other Census questions: for example, income, neighborhood, education level, or last name. The resulting profiles of the U.S. population (referred to as the “age-race modified profile”) are then used by government agencies in allotting public funds and for other official and public purposes.
I wonder what race I was assigned to when I bubbled in "other."  Do I exist as a white, or a black?  How bizarre!

I agree with Etzioni's simple request:
Let us begin with a fairly modest request of the powers that be: Give us a chance. Don’t make me define my children and myself in racial terms; don’t “impute” a race to me or to any of the millions of Americans who feel as I do. Allow us to describe ourselves simply as Americans. I bet my 50 years as a sociologist that we will all be better for it.
Yes.

Simply as "Americans" will be wonderful especially when we are all nothing but a collection of genes underneath.  With an origin in Africa.
Our ancient mother, the mother of us all, lived in Africa some 150,000 years ago. She was one individual in a world population of Homo sapiens—recently evolved out of Homo erectus—amounting to 2,000 individuals at most. There were other females of course, but their lines died out long before historical times. Everyone alive today descends from this one woman, from one of her two daughters. This is the astonishing news revealed by the book of the human genome, the book whose pages we are just beginning to turn.
I noted nearly a year ago, based on the results of my DNA analysis, about my forefather:
The man who gave rise to the first genetic marker in your lineage probably lived in northeast Africa in the region of the Rift Valley, perhaps in present-day Ethiopia, Kenya, or Tanzania, some 31,000 to 79,000 years ago. Scientists put the most likely date for when he lived at around 50,000 years ago. His descendants became the only lineage to survive outside of Africa, making him the common ancestor of every non-African man living today.

We then invented the languages that separate us.  We invented the religions that separate us. Our adaptation to the natural settings helped us develop the color of skin and hair and everything else that separate us.  If we are all given our respective genomes, will we begin to understand that we are not any different at all?
One way to show how contrived racial divisions actually are is to recall that practically all of the DNA in all human beings is the same. Our differences are truly skin deep. Moreover, the notion that most of us are of one race or another has little basis in science. The Human Genome Project informs us not only that 99.9 percent of genetic material is shared by all humans, but also that variation in the remaining 0.1 percent is greater within racial groups than across them. That is, not only are 99.9 percent of the genes of a black person the same as those of a white person, but the genes of a particular black person may be more similar to the genes of a white person than they are to another black person.
We humans are so awful that we will want to focus on the 0.1 percent.  We will then finely dice that into components that will reveal the 0.00000001 percent that makes us different from some group and that 0.00000001 percent will be the basis for discrimination. For stereotyping. "Those people, you know."  Crappy apes we are!

4 comments:

Gowrisankar said...

Humans over ages due to the half backed education system that we have now, could under stand anything only by splitting / dissecting things. Humans have lost their ability to see things wholistically. Yet another calamity which the world face today, the environment issue is once again due to this approach of human mind.

Sriram Khé said...

yes, the education system certainly is partly responsible for the way we continue to remain shackled to the us-versus-them mentality ... but, there are other reasons too ...
how much ever we might want to pat ourselves on our backs that at least things are not awful as they were a couple of centuries ago, well, we have a long, long ways to go ...

Ramesh said...

In a sense, this feeling is "natural". All species on earth probably have something like this - clans, families, tribes, packs, whatever and each one wages war on the other. Virtually all animals exhibit this behaviour. So maybe associations of race, or caste, or nationality, etc are simply a by product of survival of the fittest - nature's fundamental rule. And maybe its not so easy to break the shackles of nature's laws.

Yes, its yuk but there's a lot of yuk in nature.

By the way, I did not realise that we have a common mother and that was as recent as 150,000 years ago. I always learn something new from each of your posts - you truly are in a profession that best suits you !!

Sriram Khé said...

The "nature" argument I don't agree with because, unlike other animals, we humans can educate ourselves to think differently from what "nature" might have us do as a reflex. The United States is that way a living example of how we can conquer our animal instincts to belong to a herd and treat other animals from a different herd, or other animals, as our mortal enemies. Sure, the US history is full of such violence. But, over the 200 years, a lot has been eliminated.
Why can't we then begin to view ourselves as a part of the entire world, and that we are all connected?
Ok, having said all that, I will agree that practically speaking, humans will be humans and find ways to divide ourselves into groups.

Isn't it amazing that we have a common mother as we trace our lines into the past? 150,000 years out of the 4.5 billion years that the earth has been here, and out of the 14 billion years of this universe ... every time I think about it, I feel so miniscule and every problem in my life pales away. But then the human in me takes over pretty soon and I worry that my non-functional kitchen faucet is the world's biggest problem! (Yes, the kitchen faucet isn't working. help!!!!)